210
(ii) The only method of establishing at the time of the auction
in question that the Lot was a Forgery would have been
by means of scientific processes which were not generally
accepted for use until after the date of the auction or which
were unreasonably expensive or impractical.
The buyer’s sole entitlement under this condition is to a
refund of the actual amount paid by him in respect of the
Lot. Under no circumstances shall the Auctioneer be liable
for any damage, loss (including consequential, indirect or
economic loss) or expense suffered or incurred by the buyer
by reason of the Lot being a Forgery.
The benefit of this condition shall be solely and exclusively
for the buyer and shall not be assignable. The buyer shall
for the purpose of this condition be the person to whom the
original invoice in respect of the sale of the Lot is made.
Photographs
21
. The buyer authorises the Auctioneer at any time to make
use of any photographs or illustrations of the Lot purchased
by the buyer for such purposes as the Auctioneer may
require.
22
. New VAT Regulations
22a) All lots are sold within the Auctioneer’s VAT margin
scheme. Revenue Regulations require that the buyers premi-
um must be invoiced at a rate which is inclusive of VAT. This
VAT is not recoverable by any VAT registered buyer.
CONDITIONS WHICH MAINLY CONCERN THE SELLER
Auctioneer’s Discretion
23
. With regard to the sale of any Lot the Auctioneer shall
have the following powers exercisable solely in the discretion
of the Auctioneer:
(i) To decide whether to offer any Lot for sale or not;
(ii) To decide whether a particular Lot is suitable for sale by
the Auctioneer and, if so, to determine which auction, the
place and date of sale, the conditions of sale and the manner
in which such sale should be conducted;
(iii) To determine the description of any Lot in a Catalogue.
(iv) To decide whether the views of any expert shall be
obtained and to submit Lots for examination by any such
experts.
(v) To determine what illustration of a Lot (if any) is to be
included in the Catalogue.
Seller’s Warranty and Indemnity
24
. The seller warrants to the Auctioneer and to the buyer
that he is the true owner of the Lot or is legally authorised
to sell the Lot on behalf of the true owner and can transfer
good and marketable title to the Lot free from any third
party claims. As regards Lots not held by the Auctioneer on
its premises or under its control the seller warrants and un-
dertakes to the Auctioneer and the buyer that the Lot will be
available and in a deliverable state on demand by the Auc-
tioneer or buyer. The seller shall indemnify the Auctioneer
and the buyer or any of their respective employees, servants
or agents against any loss or damage suffered by any of
them in consequence of any breach of the above warranties
or undertakings by the seller.
Reserves
25
. Subject to the Auctioneer’s discretion, the seller shall be
entitled prior to the auction to place a reserve on any Lot. All
reserves must be agreed in advance by the Auctioneer and
entered on the Sale Order Form or subsequently be con-
firmed in writing to the Auctioneer prior to auction. This also
applies to changes in reserves. A reserve may not be placed
upon any Lots under €150 in value. The reserve shall be the
minimum Hammer Price at which the Lot may be sold by the
Auctioneer. A reserve once in place may only be changed
with the consent of the Auctioneer. A commission shall be
charged on the ‘knock-down’ bid for Lots which fail to reach
the reserve price. Such commission shall be 5% of the ‘knock-
down’ bid. This commission and any VAT payable thereon
must be paid before removal of the Lot after the auction. The
minimum commission hereunder shall be €50. The Auction-
eer may in its sole discretion sell a Lot at a Hammer Price
below the reserve thereon but in such case the Proceeds of
Sale to which the seller shall be entitled shall be the same
as they would have been had the sale been at the reverse.
Unless a reserve has been placed on a Lot in accordance
with the provisions set out above such Lot shall be put up
for sale without reserve. In the event that any reserve price
is not reached at auction then for so long as the Lot remains
with the Auctioneer and to the extent that the Lot has not
been re-entered in another auction pursuant to condition 31
the seller authorises the Auctioneer to sell the Lot by private
treaty at not less than the reserve price. The Auctioneer shall
ensure that in such a case those conditions herein which
concern mainly the buyer shall, with any necessary modifica-
tion, apply to such sale.
Commission
26.
The Seller shall pay the Auctioneer commission at the
rate of 10% on the Hammer Price of all Lots sold on behalf
of the seller at Irish Art Sales and 17.5% on all other Sales
together with VAT thereon at the applicable rate. Mini-
mum charges are detailed below. The seller authorises the
Auctioneer to deduct from the Hammer Price paid by the
buyer the Auctioneer’s Commission under this condition; VAT
payable at the applicable rates and any other amounts due
by the seller to the Auctioneer in whatever capacity howsoev-
er arising. The seller agrees that the Auctioneer may also
receive commission from the buyer pursuant to condition 13.
Minimum Charges: Each individual lot is subject to a min-
imum fee of €3.00 plus VAT, with a minimum charge per
account of €50.00 plus VAT.
Insurance
27
. Unless otherwise instructed by the seller, all Lots (with
the exception of motor vehicles) deposited with the Auction-
eer or put under its control for sale shall automatically be
insured by the Auctioneer under the Auctioneer’s own fine
arts policy for such sum as the Auctioneer shall from time
to time in its absolute discretion determine. The seller shall
pay the Auctioneer a contribution towards such insurance at
the rate of 1.5% of the Hammer Price plus VAT. If the seller
instructs the Auctioneer not to insure a Lot then the Lot shall
at all times remain at the risk of the seller who undertakes to
indemnify the Auctioneer and hold the Auctioneer harmless
against any and all claims made or proceedings brought
against the Auctioneer of whatever nature and howsoever
and wheresoever occurring for loss or damage to the Lot.
The sum for which a Lot is covered for insurance under this
condition shall not constitute and shall not be relied upon
by the seller as a representation, warranty or guarantee
as to the value of the Lot or that the Lot will, if sold by the
Auctioneer, be sold for such amount. Such insurance shall
subsist until such time as the Lot is paid for and collected
by the buyer or, in the case of Lots sold which are not paid
for or collected by the buyer by the due date hereunder for
payment or collection such due date or, in the case of Lots
which are not sold, on the expiry of seven (7) days from the
date on which the Auctioneer has notified the seller to collect
the Lots.
Illustration Charges:
27a
. Catalogue illustrations are included at the discretion
of the Auctioneer. Illustration charges will be calculated on
the particular category of sale. These charges are subject to
change. Irish art sale illustrations: €150.00 full page, €100.00
half page, €50 all other sizes. Fine art illustrations: Scaled
fee €100.00 for lots sold for €3,000.00 hammer price & over,
€50.00 for lots sold under €3000.00 hammer price. Contem-
porary picture illustrations: €25.00 per illustration. All lots
illustrated and not sold are charged at €25.00 per illustration.
Recision of Sale
28.
If before the Auctioneer has paid the Proceeds of Sale
to the seller the buyer proves to the satisfaction of the Auc-
tioneer that the Lot sold is a Forgery and the requirements
of condition 20 are satisfied the Auctioneer shall rescind
the sale and refund to the buyer any amount paid to the
Auctioneer by the buyer in respect of the Lot.